Input devices are used for entering the data in computer. If a computer is used to store information it means data entry in the form of text or digital, binary numbers (mathematical operations) can be entered using keyboard as an input device. Here a little bit of distinction is necessary between input and output devices because they serve different purposes at first glance and sometimes the same device can be used as an input device and output device. So that these devices perform as an interface between the user and the computer system. In computer system the input and output devices are used to communicate with outside world. For example, in the traditional graphical user interface, users can scroll through a document by clicking or dragging the mouse (input) within a scroll bar displayed on the screen (output).What is the difference of input and output devices of computer ? An interaction technique is the fusion of input and output, consisting of all hardware and software elements, that provides a way for the user to accomplish a low-level task. Output from computers can comprise any emission or modification to the physical environment, such as a display (including the cathode ray tube (CRT), flat-panel displays, or even light emitting diodes), speakers, or tactile and force feedback devices (sometimes referred to as haptic displays). However, any sensed information about physical properties of people, places, or things can serve as input to computer systems. Familiar examples include the mouse, which senses movement across a surface, and the keyboard, which detects a contact closure when the user presses a key. Input to computers consists of sensed information about the physical environment. Input and output bridge the chasm between a computer’s inner world of bits, and the real world perceptible to the human senses. Indeed, the complete and seamless integration of input and output is becoming a common research theme in advanced computer interfaces such as ubiquitous computing (Weiser, 1991) and tangible interaction (Ishii & Ullmer, 1997). Clay reacts to the sculptor’s fingers yet also provides feedback through the curvature and texture of its surface. A sheet of paper can be used to both record ideas (input) and display them (output). For example, what good would a mouse be without the corresponding feedback embodied by the cursor on the screen, as well as the sound and feel of the buttons when they are clicked? The distinction between output devices and input devices becomes even more blurred in the real world. However, nearly all examples of human-computer interaction require both input and output to do anything useful. The computing literature often draws a sharp distinction between input and output computer scientists are used to regarding a screen as a passive output device and a mouse as a pure input device.
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